Technology is the application of science to make a product, service, or process. It includes hardware and software. Computers have penetrated virtually every aspect of our lives. They help businesses automate tasks. This allows them to deliver products and services on time and within budget.

A variety of international organizations help to set standards for new technologies. The International Organization for Standardization is one example. Many countries are rethinking the rules for global data flows and technology exchange.

Technology also has an impact on culture. Communication is a critical part of human life. When it is used to express emotions, it helps people connect with each other. In addition, it is a tool that is often used by small businesses to compete with larger companies.

While technological advancements are beneficial to humanity, they can also change our world in negative ways. We live in an age where the rapid development of computer technologies has created a world of viruses and other threats. Some of these threats have the potential to harm our health.

Technological advances are sometimes criticized by those who view technology as a form of oppression. One example of this is the new Luddites, who are seeking to minimize the effects of technological change. Another is the rise of new subcultures based on communication technology. These groups have been known to protest technological change and advocate for environmental or societal protection.

A third early contribution to the philosophy of technology is Aristotle’s doctrine of the four causes. He referred to the examples of weaving and house-building to show that nature imitated human invention.